Mechanism of action
Retatrutide is a novel triple receptor agonist that targets the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor, and the glucagon receptor. The GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptors are all part of the incretin hormone system.
Activation of the GLP-1 receptor promotes insulin secretion, suppresses appetite, and delays gastric emptying. Activation of the GIP receptor enhances insulin sensitivity, accelerates lipolysis, and improves the efficiency of lipid metabolism. Activation of the glucagon receptor increases energy expenditure and promotes fat breakdown.
Research Applications:
– Triple agonist mechanism
– Obesity pharmacotherapy research
– Type 2 diabetes treatment
COA
| 检测项目 Tests |
接受标准 Acceptance Criteria |
结果 Results |
|
| 溶解性 Solubility |
可溶于纯水中，浓度达 5 mg/ml Can be dissolved to 5 mg/ml in pure water |
符合 Confirms |
|
| 分子离子质量 Molecular Ion Mass |
4731.42 ± 1.0 | 符合 Confirms |
|
| pH | 7.0–9.0（C = 5 mg/ml） | 7.7 | |
| 水分含量（KF） Water Content (KF) |
不得超过 8.0% NMT 8.0% |
1.40% | |
| 纯度（HPLC） Purity (HPLC) |
不得低于 98.0% NLT 98.0% |
99.19% | |
| 有关物质（HPLC） Related substances (HPLC) |
最大单一杂质含量不得超过 1.0% The largest individual impurity test NMT 1.0% |
0.28% | |
| 总杂质含量不得超过 2.0% The total impurities test NMT 2.0% |
0.81% | ||
| 残留溶剂（GC） Residual solvent (GC) |
二氯甲烷 Methylene chloride |
未检出 N.D |
未检出 N.D |
| 乙腈 Acetonitrile |
96 ppm | 96 ppm | |
| 甲醇 Methanol |
不得超过 3000 ppm NMT 3000 ppm |
未检出 N.D |
|
| N,N-二甲基甲酰胺 N,N-Dimethylformamide |
不得超过 880 ppm NMT 880 ppm |
未检出 N.D |
|
| 叔丁基甲基醚 Tert-butyl methyl ether |
不得超过 5000 ppm NMT 5000ppm |
未检出 N.D |
|
| 酸性基团离子（HPLC） Acid group ions (HPLC) |
三氟乙酸（TFA） | 不得超过 0.1% NMT 0.1% |
未检出 N.D |
| 磷酸根（PO₄³⁻） | 不得超过 0.1% NMT 0.1% |
未检出 N.D |
|
| 乙酸（HAC） | 不得超过 0.1% NMT 0.1% |
未检出 N.D |
|
| 细菌内毒素 Bacterial Endotoxins |
不得超过 10 EU/mg NMT 10 EU/mg |
符合 Confirms |
|
| 微生物限度 Microbial Limits |
需氧菌总数 TAMC |
不得超过 1000 cfu/g NMT 1000 cfu/g |
符合 Confirms |
| 酵母和霉菌总数 TYMC |
不得超过 100 cfu/g NMT 100 cfu/g |
符合 Confirms |
|
| 大肠杆菌存在性 Escherichia Coil presence |
阴性 Negative |
符合 Confirms |
|
| 沙门氏菌 Salmonella |
阴性 Negative |
符合 Confirms |
|
| 铜绿假单胞菌 P. Aeruginosa |
阴性 Negative |
符合 Confirms |
|
| 金黄色葡萄球菌 S. Aureus |
阴性 Negative |
符合 Confirms |
|
| 钠离子 Sodium ion |
不得超过 5.0% NMT 5.0% |
1.30% | |
| 多肽含量（质量平衡法） Peptide Content (Mass Balance) |
不得低于 80.0% NLT 80.0% |
96.50% | |
| 含量测定（HPLC） Assay (HPLC) |
95.0–105.0%（以无水、无盐基准计） 95.0–105.0% (on anhydrous and salt-free substance basis) |
99.40% | |
HPLC
